What is the typical glide slope angle for an ILS?

The typical glide slope angle for an Instrument Landing System (ILS) is 3 degrees. This angle has been standardized primarily due to its balance between a safe descent rate and the manageable workload it presents to pilots during the approach phase. A 3-degree glide slope allows for a descent of approximately 300 feet per nautical mile, which is generally considered to be a safe and effective rate of descent for most aircraft during approach and landing.

This angle is conducive to optimal visibility of the runway environment during the final approach, while ensuring that aircraft remain within safe altitude limits until they reach the runway threshold. As a result, pilots are trained to expect this glide slope angle during their ILS approaches, making it a key component of both training and practical applications in aviation operations.